Finding the right skincare products can be overwhelming, especially if you have sensitive skin. While some ingredients work wonders for others, they may leave your skin irritated, red, or inflamed. If your skin reacts easily, knowing which ingredients to avoid can make all the difference. Here are eight common culprits that may trigger sensitivity and discomfort.
What Is Sensitive Skin?
Sensitive skin tends to react more strongly to environmental factors, skincare ingredients, and even dietary or lifestyle changes. It is often prone to irritation, redness, and conditions such as dermatitis due to a weakened skin barrier.
It’s also important to distinguish between sensitive and sensitised skin. Sensitive skin is naturally more reactive, whereas sensitised skin refers to temporary irritation caused by external factors like harsh products, over-exfoliation, or pollution. Even those without inherently sensitive skin can develop sensitised skin due to these triggers.
1. Fragrances
Fragrances are a leading cause of irritation in sensitive skin. While they enhance the sensory experience of skincare, they can trigger redness, itching, or allergic reactions. Opt for fragrance-free rather than just "unscented" products, as the latter may still contain masking agents that can be irritating. Dyes should also be avoided, as they can contribute to skin sensitivity.
2. Alcohol
3. Sulphates
4. Essential Oils
Although essential oils are often marketed as natural and beneficial, they can be highly potent and irritating for sensitive skin. Ingredients like tea tree oil and lavender oil can cause allergic reactions, redness, or exacerbate sensitivity. Always conduct a patch test before using products containing essential oils, as their concentrated nature can be too strong for delicate skin.
5. Retinol and Retinoids
Retinol and retinoids are highly effective anti-ageing ingredients, but they can also cause peeling, redness, and irritation, particularly for sensitive skin. Some people may struggle to tolerate these ingredients even with gradual use. A gentler alternative is bakuchiol, a plant-derived compound known for its anti-ageing properties, but with fewer side effects.
Benzoyl peroxide is widely used to treat acne, but it can be too harsh for sensitive skin, leading to excessive dryness and irritation. If your skin reacts badly to benzoyl peroxide, consider zinc-based products, which can help control breakouts while being less irritating.
7. AHAs and BHAs
Chemical exfoliants like alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs) help remove dead skin cells, but they can also weaken the skin barrier, leading to irritation and redness. If you have sensitive skin, opt for gentler exfoliants like enzymes from pumpkin or pineapple, or mild physical exfoliants such as jojoba beads or rice powder. Polyhydroxy acids (PHAs), such as gluconolactone, are also a more hydrating and less aggressive alternative.
8. Parabens
Parabens are preservatives that help prevent bacteria and mould growth in skincare products. However, they can sometimes cause irritation, particularly in individuals with eczema or atopic dermatitis. Additionally, parabens are classified as endocrine disruptors, meaning they can mimic oestrogen and potentially influence hormonal balance in the body.